Today In History. What Happened This Day In History

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Today in History
July 1



96 Vespasian, a Roman army leader, is hailed as a Roman emperor by the Egyptian legions.
1543 England and Scotland sign the Peace of Greenwich.
1596 An English fleet under the Earl of Essex, Lord Howard of Effingham and Francis Vere capture and sack Cadiz, Spain.
1690 Led by Marshall Luxembourg, the French defeat the forces of the Grand Alliance at Fleurus in the Netherlands.
1777 British troops depart from their base at the Bouquet river to head toward Ticonderoga, New York.
1798 Napoleon Bonaparte takes Alexandria, Egypt.
1838 Charles Darwin presents a paper on his theory of evolution to the Linnean Society in London.
1862 Union artillery stops a Confederate attack at Malvern Hill, Virginia.
1863 In the first day's fighting at Gettysburg, Federal forces retreat through the town and dig in at Cemetery Ridge and Cemetery Hill.
1867 Canada, by the terms of the British North America Act, becomes an independent dominion.
1876 Montenegro declares war on the Turks.
1898 American troops take San Juan Hill and El Caney, Cuba, from the Spaniards.
1942 German troops capture Sevestapol, Crimea, in the Soviet Union.
1945 The New York State Commission Against Discrimination is established–the first such agency in the United States.
1950 American ground troops arrive in South Korea to halt the advancing North Korean army.
1961 British troops land in Kuwait to aid against Iraqi threats.
1963 The U.S. postmaster introduces the zip code.
1966 The U.S. Marines launch Operation Holt in an attempt to finish off a Vietcong battalion in Thua Thien Province in Vietnam.

Born on July 1

1649 Gottfried Von Leibniz, German philosopher and mathematician.
1804 George Sand (Amandine-Aurore Lucille Dupin), French novelist.
1876 Susan Glaspell, playwright, (Alison's House).
1892 James M. Cain, author (The Postman Always Rings Twice, Mildred Pierce).
1899 Thomas Dorsey, American songwriter, singer and pianist, the "father of gospel music."
1902 William Wyler, film director (The Best Years of Our Lives, Ben Hur).
1903 Amy Johnson, English aviator.
1915 Willie Dixon, blues musician.
1915 Sydney Pollack, film director (Tootsie, Out of Africa).
1915 Jean Stafford, American writer (The Mountain Lion).
1916 Roland Robert Tuck, British fighter ace during World War II.
1961 Diana Frances Spencer, princess of Wales.

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I had no idea the zip code was only put into play in 1963, That would be a great game show question that I doubt anyone can get right

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Today in History
July 2



1298 An army under Albert of Austria defeats forces led by Adolf of Nassua.
1625 The Spanish army takes Breda, Spain, after nearly a year of siege.
1644 Oliver Cromwell crushes the Royalists at the Battle of Marston Moor.
1747 Marshall Saxe leads the French forces to victory over an Anglo-Dutch force under the Duke of Cumberland at the Battle of Lauffeld.
1776 The Continental Congress resolves that the American colonies "are, and of right ought to be, free and independent States."
1822 Denmark Vesey is executed in Charleston, South Carolina, for planning a massive slave revolt.
1858 Czar Alexander II frees the serfs working on imperial lands.
1863 The Union left flank holds at Little Round Top during the Battle of Gettysburg.
1881 Charles J. Guiteau fatally wounds President James A. Garfield in Washington, D.C.
1926 Congress establishes the Army Air Corps.
1937 American aviation pioneer Amelia Earhart disappears in the Central Pacific during an attempt to fly around the world.
1961 Novelist Ernest Hemingway commits suicide at his home in Ketchum, Idaho.
1964 President Lyndon Johnson signs the Civil Rights Act into law.
1967 The U.S. launches Operation Buffalo in Vietnam.
1976 North and South Vietnam are officially reunified.
1980 President Jimmy Carter reinstates draft registration for males 18 years of age.

Born on July 2

1489 Thomas Cranmer, first Protestant archbishop of Cantebury (1533-1556).
1877 Hermann Hesse, German novelist and poet.
1894 Andre Kertesz, photographer.
1900 Tyrone Guthrie, English theater director.
1908 Thurgood Marshall, first African-American Supreme Court Justice.
1916 Barry Gray, radio talk show host.
1918 Robert Sarnoff, president of NBC.
1926 Medgar Evers, American civil rights activist.

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Today in History
July 3



1775 George Washington takes command of the Continental Army.
1790 In Paris, the Marquis of Condorcet proposes granting civil rights to women.
1844 American ambassador Caleb Cushing successfully negotiates a commercial treaty with China.
1863 Confederate forces attack the center of the Union line at Gettysburg, but fail to break it.
1878 John Wise flies the first dirigible in Lancaster, Pennsylvania.
1901 The Wild Bunch, led by Butch Cassidy, commits its last American robbery near Wagner, Montana, taking $65,000 from a Great Northern train.
1903 The first cable across the Pacific Ocean is spliced between Honolulu, Midway, Guam and Manila.
1916 The Battle of the Somme begins. More than 100,000 men are killed in the first day.
1944 The U.S. First Army opens a general offensive to break out of the hedgerow area of Normandy, France.
1945 U.S. troops land at Balikpapan and take Sepinggan airfield on Borneo in the Pacific.
1950 U.S. carrier-based planes attack airfields in the Pyongyang-Chinnampo area of North Korea in the first air-strike of the Korean War.
1954 Food rationing ends in Great Britain almost nine years after the end of World War II.
1962 Jackie Robinson becomes the first African American to be inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame.
1967 North Vietnamese soldiers attack South Vietnam's only producing coal mine at Nong Son.

Born on July 3

1683 Edward Young, English poet, dramatist and literary critic (Night Thoughts).
1844 Dankmar Adler, architect and engineer.
1871 William Henry Davies, Welsh poet.
1878 George M. Cohan, American entertainer and songwriter.
1883 Franz Kafka, Prague-born German novelist (The Metamorphosis, The Trail).
1908 M.F.K. Fisher, food witer.
1912 Elizabeth Taylor, novelist and short story writer.
1921 Francois-Arnold Reichenbach, documentary filmmaker.
1937 Tom Stoppard, British playwright (Rosencrantz and Gilderstern are Dead).

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Today in History
July 5



1776 The Declaration of Independence is first printed by John Dunlop in Philadelphia.
1806 A Spanish army repels the British during their attempt to retake Buenos Aires, Argentina.
1814 U.S. troops under Jacob Brown defeat a superior British force at Chippewa, Canada.
1832 The German government begins curtailing freedom of the press after German Democrats advocate a revolt against Austrian rule.
1839 British naval forces bombard Dingai on Zhoushan Island in China and occupy it.
1863 Federal troops occupy Vicksburg, Mississippi and distribute supplies to the citizens.
1892 Andrew Beard is issued a patent for the rotary engine.
1940 Marshal Henri Petain's Vichy government breaks off diplomatic relations with Great Britain.
1941 German troops reach the Dnieper River in the Soviet Union.
1943 The Battle of Kursk, the largest tank battle in history, begins.
1944 The Japanese garrison on Numfoor, New Guinea, tries to counterattack but is soon beaten back by U.S. forces.
1950 American forces engage the North Koreans for the first time at Osan, South Korea.

Born on July 5

1709 Etienne de Silhouette, French minister of finance, artist.
1755 Sarah Siddons, Welsh actress.
1801 David Farragut, U.S. admiral during the American Civil War.
1810 P.T. Barnum, American showman.
1867 Andrew Ellicott Douglass, astronomer and archaeologist.
1889 Jean Cocteau, French artist, writer and actor.
1911 George Pompidou, Prime Minister of France (1968).

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Today in History
July 7

1742 A Spanish force invading Georgia runs headlong into the colony's British defenders.The battle decides the fate of a colony.
1777 American troops give up Fort Ticonderoga, on Lake Champlain, to the British.
1791 Benjamin Rush, Richard Allen and Absalom Jones found the Non-denominational African Church.
1795 Thomas Paine defends the principal of universal suffrage at the Constitutional Convention in Paris.
1798 Napoleon Bonaparte's army begins its march towards Cairo from Alexandria.
1807 Czar Alexander meets with Napoleon Bonaparte.
1814 Sir Walter Scott's novel Waverly is published anonymously so as not to damage his reputation as a poet.
1815 After defeating Napoleon at Waterloo, the victorious Allies march into Paris.
1853 Japan opens its ports to trade with the West after 250 years of isolation.
1863 Confederate General Robert E. Lee, in Hagerstown, Maryland, reports his defeat at Gettysburg to President Jefferson Davis.
1925 Afrikaans is recognized as one of the official languages of South Africa, along with English and Dutch.
1927 Christopher Stone becomes the first British 'disc jockey' when he plays records for the BBC.
1941 Although a neutral country, the United States sends troops to occupy Iceland to keep it out of Germany's hands.
1943 Adolf Hitler makes the V-2 missile program a top priority in armament planning.
1966 The U.S. Marine Corps launches Operation Hasting to drive the North Vietnamese Army back across the Demilitarized Zone in Vietnam.
1969 The first U.S. units to withdraw from South Vietnam leave Saigon.
1981 Sandra Day O'Connor becomes the first woman to serve on the Supreme Court.

Born on July 7

1752 Joseph-Marie Jacquard, French inventor, textile industry pioneer.
1860 Gustav Mahler, composer and conductor.
1887 Marc Chagall, French painter and designer.
1906 Leroy "Satchel" Page, baseball pitcher.
1940 Ringo Starr, musician, one of the Beatles.

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Today in History
July 8



1099 Christian Crusaders march around Jerusalem as Muslims watch from within the city.
1608 The first French settlement at Quebec is established by Samuel de Champlain.
1663 The British crown grants Rhode Island a charter guaranteeing freedom of worship.
1686 The Austrians take Budapest from the Turks and annex Hungary.
1709 Peter the Great defeats Charles XII at Poltava, in the Ukraine, effectively ending the Swedish empire.
1755 Britain breaks off diplomatic relations with France as their disputes in the New World intensify.
1758 The British attack on Fort Carillon at Ticonderoga, New York, is foiled by the French.
1794 French troops capture Brussels, Belgium.
1815 With Napoleon defeated, Louis XVIII returns to Paris.
1822 29-year old poet Percy Bysshe Shelley drowns while sailing in Italy.
1859 The Truce at Villafranca Austria cedes Lombardy to France.
1863 Demoralized by the surrender of Vicksburg, Confederates in Port Hudson, Louisiana, surrender to Union forces.
1864 Confederate General Joseph E. Johnston retreats into Atlanta to prevent being flanked by Union General William T. Sherman.
1865 Four of the conspirators in President Abraham Lincoln's assassination are hanged in Washington, D.C.
1879 The first ship to use electric lights departs from San Francisco, California.
1905 The mutinous crew of the battleship Potemkin surrenders to Rumanian authorities.
1918 Ernest Hemingway is wounded in Italy while working as an ambulance driver for the American Red Cross.
1941 20 B-17s fly in their first mission with the Royal Air Force over Wilhelmshaven, Germany.
1943 American B-24 bombers strike Japanese-held Wake Island for the first time.
1960 The Soviet Union charges American pilot Francis Gary Powers with espionage.

Born on July 8

1621 Jean de La Fontaine, poet and author (Fables).
1838 Ferdinand von Zeppelin, German designer and manufacturer of airships.
1839 John D. Rockefeller, financier, philanthropist, founder of Standard Oil.
1869 Wiliam Vaughan Moody, poet and playwright (The Great Divide).
1906 Philip C. Johnson, architect.
1908 Nelson Rockefeller, U.S. vice president to Gerald Ford.
1943 Faye Wattleton, women's rights advocate.
1953 Anna Quindlen, novelist.

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Today in History
July 10



1520 The Spanish explorer Cortes is driven from Tenochtitlan and retreats to Tlaxcala.
1609 The Catholic states in Germany set up a league under the leadership of Maximillian of Bavaria.
1679 The British crown claims New Hampshire as a royal colony.
1747 Persian ruler Nadir Shah is assassinated at Fathabad.
1776 The statue of King George III is pulled down in New York City.
1778 In support of the American Revolution, Louis XVI declares war on England.
1850 Millard Fillmore is sworn in as the 13th president of the United States following the death of Zachary Taylor.
1890 Wyoming becomes the 44th state.
1893 Dr. Daniel Hale Williams performs the first successful open-heart surgery, without anesthesia.
1925 The trial of Tennessee teacher John T. Scopes opens, with Clarence Darrow appearing for the defense and William Jennings Bryan for the prosecution.
1940 Germany begins the bombing of England.
1942 General Carl Spaatz becomes the head of the U.S. Air Force in Europe.
1943 American and British forces complete their amphibious landing of Sicily.
1945 U.S. carrier-based aircraft begin airstrikes against Japan in preparation for invasion.
1951 Armistice talks between the United Nations and North Korea begin at Kaesong.
1962 The satellite Telstar is launched from Cape Canaveral, Florida, beaming live television from Europe to the United States.
1993 Kenyan runner Yobes Ondieki becomes the first man to run 10,000 meters in less than 27 minutes.

Born on July 10

1509 John Calvin, Protestant religious leader, founder of Calvinism.
1830 Camille Pissarro, French painter.
1834 James Abbott McNeil Whistler, painter.
1871 Marcel Proust, French novelist (Remembrance of Things Past).
1875 Mary McLeod Bethune, educator, founder of Bethune-Cookman College and the National Council of Negro Women.
1905 Ivie Anderson, jazz singer.
1915 Saul Bellow, writer.
1920 David Brinkley, broadcaster.
1927 David Dinkins, first African-American mayor of New York City.
1931 Alice Munro, Canadian writer (Open Secrets, Friend of my Youth).
1933 Jerry Herman, songwriter.
1943 Arthur Ashe, American tennis player.
1947 Orenthal James (O.J.) Simpson, football player.

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Today in History
July 10
.
1947 Orenthal James (O.J.) Simpson, football player.

I had no idea whay they called him OG but with a name like Orenthal they had to come up with something

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Today in History
July 11



1302 An army of French knights, led by the Count of Artois, is routed by Flemish pikemen.
1346 Charles IV of Luxembourg is elected Holy Roman Emperor in Germany.
1533 Henry VIII is excommunicated from the Catholic Church by Pope Clement VII.
1708 The French are defeated at Oudenarde, Malplaquet, in the Netherlands by the Duke of Marlborough and Eugene of Savoy.
1786 Morocco agrees to stop attacking American ships in the Mediterranean for a payment of $10,000.
1799 An Anglo-Turkish armada bombards Napoleon Bonaparte's troops in Alexandria to no avail.
1804 Alexander Hamilton is mortally wounded by Aaron Burr in a duel.
1862 President Abraham Lincoln appoints General Henry Halleck as general in chief of the Federal army.
1942 In the longest bombing raid of World War II, 1,750 British Lancaster bombers attack the Polish port of Danzig.
1972 American forces break the 95-day siege at An Loc in Vietnam.
1975 Archaeologists unearth an army of 8,000 life-size clay figures created more than 2,000 years ago for the Emperor Qin Shi Huangdi.
1995 Full diplomatic relations are established between the United States and Vietnam.

Born on July 11

1274 Robert the Bruce, King of Scotland (1306-1329).
1767 John Quincy Adams, Sixth President of the United States (1825-1829).
1838 John Wanamaker, U.S. merchant, founder of one of the first American department stores.
1888 Bartomeo Vanzetti, anarchist, executed with Nicola Sacco.
1899 E.B. White, author (Charlotte's Web).
1927 Theodore H. Maiman, physicist.

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Today in History
July 12



1096 Crusaders under Peter the Hermit reach Sofia in Hungary.
1691 William III defeats the allied Irish and French armies at the Battle of Aughrim, Ireland.
1794 British Admiral Lord Nelson loses his right eye at the siege of Calvi, in Corsica.
1806 The Confederation of the Rhine is established in Germany.
1941 Moscow is bombed by the German Luftwaffe for the first time.
1954 President Dwight D. Eisenhower proposes a highway modernization program, with costs to be shared by federal and state governments.
1957 The U.S. surgeon general, Leroy E. Burney, reports that there is a direct link between smoking and lung cancer.
1974 G. Gordon Liddy, John Ehrlichman and two others are convicted of conspiracy and perjury in connection with the Watergate scandal.
1984 Democratic presidential candidate Walter Mondale chooses Geraldine Ferraro as his running mate.

Born on July 12

100 BC Gaius Julius Caesar, Roman general and statesman.
1817 Henry David Thoreau, essayist, naturalist and poet (Walden).
1854 George Eastman, photography pioneer.
1884 Amadeo Modigliani, Italian painter and sculptor.
1895 Kirsten Flagstad, Norwegian opera singer.
1895 R. Buckminster Fuller, architect and engineer.
1904 Pablo Neruda, Chilean poet and political activist (Residence on Earth).
1908 Milton Berle, comedian, actor.
1917 Andrew Wyeth, American painter.
1934 Van Cliburn, American concert pianist.
1937 Bill Cosby, comedian, actor.

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Today in History
July 13



1099 The Crusaders launch their final assault on Jerusalem.
1534 Ottoman armies capture Tabriz in northwestern Persia.
1558 Led by the court of Egmont, the Spanish army defeats the French at Gravelines, France.
1585 A group of 108 English colonists, led by Sir Richard Grenville, reaches Roanoke Island, North Carolina.
1643 In England, the Roundheads, led by Sir William Waller, are defeated by Royalist troops under Lord Wilmot in the Battle of Roundway Down.
1754 George Washington surrenders Fort Necessity to the French, leaving them in control of the Ohio Valley.
1787 Congress, under the Articles of Confederation, enacts the Northwest Ordinance, establishing rules for governing the Northwest Territory, for admitting new states to the Union and limiting the expansion of slavery.
1798 English poet William Wordsworth visits the ruins of Tintern Abbey.
1832 Henry Schoolcraft discovers the source of the Mississippi River in Minnesota.
1862 Confederate General Nathan Bedford Forrest defeats a Union army at Murfreesboro, Tennessee.
1863 Opponents of the draft begin three days of rioting in New York City.
1866 The Great Eastern begins a two week voyage to complete a 12-year effort to lay telegraph cable across the Atlantic between Britain and the United States.
1878 The Congress of Berlin divides the Balkans among European powers.
1939 Frank Sinatra records his first song, "From the Bottom of my Heart," with the Harry James Band.
1941 Britain and the Soviet Union sign a mutual aid pact, providing the means for Britain to send war materiel to the Soviet Union.
1954 In Geneva, Great Britain, the Soviet Union, the People's Republic of China and France reach an accord on Indochina, dividing Vietnam into two countries, North and South, along the 17th parallel.
1971 The Army of Morrocco executes 10 leaders accused of leading a revolt.

Born on July 13

1793 John Clare, English poet.
1886 Edward J. Flanagan, Catholic priest, founder of Boys' Town.
1928 Robert N.C. Nix, Jr., first African-American chief justice of a state supreme court.
1933 David Storey, English novelist (The Sporting Life).
1934 Wole Soyinka, Nobel Prize-winning Nigerian playwright.
1935 Jack Kemp, football player, politician.

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Today in History
July 15



1099 Jerusalem falls to the Crusaders.
1410 Poles and Lithuanians defeat the Teutonic knights at Tannenburg, Prussia.
1685 The Duke of Monmouth is executed in Tower Hill in England.
1789 The electors of Paris set up a "Commune" to live without the authority of the government.
1806 Lieutenant Zebulon Pike begins his western expedition from Fort Belle Fountaine.
1813 Napoleon Bonaparte's representatives meet with the Allies in Prague to discuss peace terms.
1834 Lord Napier of England arrives at Macao, China, as the first chief superintendent of trade.
1863 Confederate raider Bill Anderson and his Bushwackers attack Huntsville, Missouri, stealing $45,000 from the local bank.
1895 Ex-prime minister of Bulgaria, Stephen Stambulov, is murdered by Macedonian rebels.
1901 Over 74,000 Pittsburgh steel workers go on strike.
1938 Howard Huges and crew set a new world record for an around-the-world flight.
1942 The first supply flight from India to China over the 'Hump' is flown.
1958 President Dwight Eisenhower sends 5,000 Marines to Lebanon to keep the peace.
1960 John F. Kennedy accepts the Democratic nomination for president.

Born on July 15

1606 Rembrandt van Rijn, Dutch artist.
1779 Clement Moore, American scholar and educator.
1796 Thomas Bulfinch, historian and mythologist (The Age of Fable).
1836 William Winter, drama critic and essayist for The New York Times.
1850 Francis Xavier Cabrini, the first American canonized saint.
1904 Dorothy Fields, songwriter.
1906 Richard W. Armour, humorist and author (Twisted Tales from Shakespeare).
1913 Hammond Innes, English novelist.
1914 Gavin Maxwell, Scottish writer and naturalist (Ring of Bright Water).
1919 Iris Murdoch, British novelist (A Severed Head, The Black Prince).

bluka - TS4MS - Happy B Day

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Today in History
July 16



1765 English Prime Minister Lord Greenville resigns and is replaced by Lord Rockingham.
1774 Russia and the Ottoman Empire sign the Treaty of Kuchuk-Kainardji, ending their six-year war.
1779 American troops under General Anthony Wayne capture Stony Point, N.Y.
1875 The new French constitution is finalized.
1882 Mary Todd Lincoln, the widow of Abraham Lincoln, dies of a stroke.
1918 Czar Nicholas and his family are murdered by Bolsheviks at Ekaterinburg, Russia.
1940 Adolf Hitler orders preparations for the invasion of England.
1944 Soviet troops occupy Vilna, Lithuania, in their drive towards Germany.
1945 The United States detonates the first atomic bomb in a test at Alamogordo, N. M.
1969 Apollo 11 blasts off from Cape Kennedy, Florida, heading for a landing on the moon.
1999 A private plane piloted by John F. Kennedy Jr. is lost over the waters off Martha's Vinyard, Mass.

Born on July 16

1723 Joshua Reynolds, British portrait painter.
1821 Mary Baker Eddy, founder of the Christian Science movement.
1862 Ida Bell Wells, journalist.
1896 Trygve Lie, first secretary-general of the United Nations.
1907 Barbara Stanwyck, actress.
1911 Ginger Rogers, actress and dancer.
1928 Anita Brookner, writer (Hotel du Lac).
1941 Dag Solstad, Norwegian novelist and playwright.
1948 Ruben Blades, songwriter and actor.
1948 Pinchas Zukerman, violinist and conductor.

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Today in History
July 17



1453 France defeats England at Castillon, France, ending the Hundred Years' War.
1762 Peter III of Russia is murdered and his wife, Catherine II, takes the throne.
1785 France limits the importation of goods from Britain.
1791 National Guard troops open fire on a crowd of demonstrators in Paris.
1799 Ottoman forces, supported by the British, capture Aboukir, Egypt from the French.
1801 The U.S. fleet arrives in Tripoli.
1815 Napoleon Bonaparte surrenders to the British at Rochefort, France.
1821 Andrew Jackson becomes the governor of Florida.
1864 Confederate President Jefferson Davis replaces General Joseph E. Johnston with General John Bell Hood in hopes of defeating Union General William T. Sherman outside Atlanta.
1898 U.S. troops under General William R. Shafter take Santiago de Cuba during the Spanish-American War.
1944 Field Marshall Erwin Rommel is wounded when an Allied fighter strafes his staff car in France.
1946 Chinese communists attack the Nationalist army on the Yangtze River.
1960 American pilot Francis Gary Powers pleads guilty to spying charges in a Moscow court.
1966 Ho Chi Minh orders a partial mobilization of North Vietnam to defend against American airstrikes.
1987 Lt. Col. Oliver North and Rear Adm. John Poindexter begin testifying to Congress regarding the Iran-Contra scandal.

Born on July 17

1674 Isaac Watts, English minister and hymn writer.
1763 John Jacob Astor, American fur trader and entrepreneur.
1888 S.Y. Agnon, Israeli writer (The Day Before Yesterday).
1889 Erle Stanley Gardner, detective writer, creator of Perry Mason.
1894 Georges Lemaitre, Belgian astronomer.
1898 Bernice Abbott, photographer.
1899 James Cagney, American actor (Yankee Doodle Dandy, Mister Roberts).
1902 Christina E. Stead, novelist and screenwriter.
1912 Art Linkletter, radio and television personality.
1922 Donald Davie, English poet and literary critic.
1923 James Purdy, writer (Cabot Wright Begins).
1925 Laszlo Nagy, Hungarian poet.
1935 Peter Schickele, composer, creator of P.D.Q. Bach.