What Happened This Day In History

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Today in History
November 1

79 The city of Pompeii is buried by eruption of Mt. Vesuvius.
1512 Michelangelo's painting on the Sistine Chapel ceiling is exhibited for the first time.
1582 Maurice of Nassau, the son of William of Orange, becomes the governor of Holland, Zeeland and Utrecht.
1755 A great earthquake at Lisbon, Portugal, kills over 50,000 people.
1765 The Stamp Act goes into effect in the British colonies.
1861 Lieutenant General Winfield Scott, 50 year-veteran and leader of the U.S. Army at the onset of the Civil War, retires. General George McClellan is appointed general-in-chief of the Union armies.
1866 Wild woman of the west Myra Maybelle Shirley (Belle Starr) marries James C. Reed in Collins County, Texas.
1869 Louis Riel seizes Fort Garry, Winnipeg, during the Red River Rebellion.
1911 Italian planes perform the first aerial bombing on Tanguira oasis in Libya.
1923 Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company buys the rights to manufacture Zeppelin dirigibles.
1924 Legendary Oklahoma marshal Bill Tilghman, 71, is gunned down by a drunk in Cromwell, Oklahoma.
1936 Italian Fascist leader Benito Mussolini announces the Rome-Berlin axis after Count Ciano's visit to Germany.
1936 The Rodeo Cowboy's Association is founded.
1943 American troops invade Bougainville in the Solomon Islands.
1945 John H. Johnson publishes the first issue of Ebony magazine.
1950 Two members of a Puerto Rican nationalist movement attempt to assassinate President Harry S Truman.
1951 Algerian National Liberation Front begins guerrilla warfare against the French.
1967 The first issue of Rolling Stone hits the streets.
1968 President Lyndon B. Johnson calls a halt to bombing in Vietnam, hoping this will lead to progress at the Paris peace talks.
1968 The Motion Picture Association of America officially introduces its rating system to indicate age-appropriateness of film content.
1973 Leon Jaworski appointed as new Watergate Special Prosecutor.
1981 Antigua and Barbuda gain independence from the United Kingdom.
1982 Honda opens a plant in Marysville, Ohio, becoming the first Asian automobile company to produce cars in the US.
2000 Serbia joins the United Nations.

Born on November 1

1500 Benvunuto Cellini, Italian goldsmith and sculptor.
1636 Nicholas Boileaus, French poet and historian.
1762 Spencer Perceval, the only British prime minister to be assassinated.
1798 Benjamin Lee Guinness, Irish brewer.
1818 Jems Renwick, architect.
1828 Balfour Steward, Scottish physicist and meteorologist.
1871 Stephen Crane, poet and novelist (The Red Badge of Courage).
1880 Sholem Asch, Polish-born American novelist and playwright (The Nazarene, The Mother).
1880 Grantland Rice, American sportswriter.
1902 Nordahl Brun Greig, Norwegian writer and wartime hero during WWII.
1923 Victoria de Los Angeles, Spanish opera soprano.
1930 A.R. Gurney, American playwright (Love Letters, The Dining Room).
1935 Gary Player, professional golfer from South Africa; the only non-American to win the Grand Slam; inducted into World Golf Hall of Fame 1974.
1937 Bill Anderson, country singer, songwriter; known as Whisperin' Bill, he ranked among the top country songwriters of the 1960s and '70s and has continued to pen No. 1 hits into the 21st century.
1942 Ralph Klein, Canadian politician; Premier of Alberta (1992–2006) and leader of the Progressive Conservative Association of Alberta (1992–2006); known as "King Ralph" for his political longevity.
1944 Richard "Kinky" Friedman, singer, songwriter, humorist, author; known for his satirical lyrics and commentary ("Sold American"); ran as an independent for Governor of Texas (2006).
1946 Lynne Russell, journalist; first woman to anchor a nationally televised prime time news program in US (CNN Headline News, 1983–2001).
1950 Mitch Kapor, founder of Lotus Software and Electronic Frontier Foundation.
1958 Charlie Kaufman, screenwriter, director, producer (Being John Malkovich; Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind).
1960 Tim Cook, business executive; CEO of Apple, inc. (2011– ).
1964 Karen Marie Moning, bestselling author; her Highlander and Fever series blend urban fantasy with Celtic mythology.
1967 Tina Arena (Filippina Lydia Arena), singer, songwriter, actress, record producer; first Australian to receive the Order of State; awarded Knighthood of the Order of National Merit, by the President of the French Republic (2009).
1981 LaTavia Roberson, singer, songwriter; original member of Destiny's Child group.

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Today in History
November 2

1570 A tidal wave in the North Sea destroys the sea walls from Holland to Jutland. More than 1,000 people are killed.
1772 The first Committees of Correspondence are formed in Massachusetts under Samuel Adams.
1789 The property of the church in France is taken away by the state.
1841 The second Afghan War begins.
1869 Sheriff Wild Bill Hickok loses his re-election bid in Ellis County, Kan.
1880 James A. Garfield is elected the 20th president of the United States.
1882 Newly elected John Poe replaces Pat Garrett as sheriff of Lincoln County, New Mexico Territory.
1889 North Dakota is made the 39th state.
1889 South Dakota is made the 40th state.
1892 Lawmen surround outlaws Ned Christie and Arch Wolf near Tahlequah, Indian Territory (present-day Oklahoma). It will take dynamite and a cannon to dislodge the two from their cabin.
1903 London's Daily Mirror newspaper is first published.
1914 Russia declares war with Turkey.
1920 The first radio broadcast in the United States is made from Pittsburgh.
1920 Charlotte Woodward, who signed the 1848 Seneca Falls Declaration calling for female voting rights, casts her ballot in a presidential election.
1921 Margaret Sanger and Mary Ware Dennett form the American Birth Control League.
1923 U.S. Navy aviator H.J. Brown sets new world speed record of 259 mph in a Curtiss racer.
1926 Air Commerce Act is passed, providing federal aid for airlines and airports.
1936 The first high-definition public television transmissions begin from Alexandra Palace in north London by the BBC.
1942 Lieutenant General Dwight D. Eisenhower arrives in Gibraltar to set up an American command post for the invasion of North Africa.
1943 The Battle of Empress Augusta Bay in Bougainville ends in U.S. Navy victory over Japan.
1947 Howard Hughes' Spruce Goose flies for the first and last time.
1948 Harry S Truman is elected the 33rd president of the United States.
1959 Charles Van Doren confesses that the TV quiz show 21 is fixed and that he had been given the answers to the questions asked him.
1960 A British jury determines that Lady Chatterly's Lover by D.H. Lawrence is not obscene.
1963 South Vietnamese President Ngo Dinh Diem is assassinated.
1976 Jimmy (James Earl) Carter elected the 39th president of the United States.
1983 President Ronald Reagan signs a bill establishing Martin Luther King, Jr., Day.
1984 Serial killer Velma Barfield becomes the first woman executed in the US since 1962.
2000 First resident crew arrives at the International Space Station.

Born on November 2

1734 Daniel Boone, American frontiersman and explorer.
1755 Marie Antoinette, Queen of France, executed during the French Revolution.
1795 James Polk, 11th president of the United States (1845-49).
1865 Warren G. Harding, 29th president of the United States (1921-23).
1885 Harlow Shapley, astronomer who discovered the Sun is not at the center of the galaxy.
1906 Luchino Visconti, film director (Obsession, Death in Venice).
1913 Burt Lancaster, American film actor.
1929 Richard Taylor, Nobel Prize-winning physicist who proved the existence of quarks.
1932 Melvin Schwartz, physicist who won the Nobel Prize for work on neutrinos.
1936 Rose Bird, first female Chief Justice of California (1977-87); also the first Chief Justice in California history to be removed from office by voters.
1938 Jay Black, lead singer of the group Jay and the Americans ("Come a Little Bit Closer," "This Magic Moment").
1938 Pat Buchanan, American conservative political commentator, syndicated columnist, author; a senior advisor to presidents Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, Ronald Reagan.
1938 Queen Sofia of Spain (1975– ).
1949 Lois McMaster Bujold, science fiction and fantasy author (The Mountains of Morning; Paladin of Souls); her many awards include four Hugos for best novel, which ties Robert A. Heinlein's record.
1952 Maxine Nightingale, British R&B and soul singer ("Right Back Where We Started From").
1961 k.d. lang, Grammy-winning Canadian pop and country singer-songwriter, actress, social activist ("Constant Craving").
1972 Samantha Womack, English actress, singer, director (TV and stage); best known for her roles as Mandy Wilkins in Game On and Ronnie Mitchell in EastEnders.

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Add this to the History, Big Frank goes Green and buys his first Hybrid car that gets 100 miles to the gallon.

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Add this to the History, Big Frank goes Green and buys his first Hybrid car that gets 100 miles to the gallon.

Good for you. Enjoy the car and the savings

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Today in History
November 3

1493 Christopher Columbus arrives at the Caribbee Isles (Dominica) during his second expedition.
1507 Leonardo da Vinci is commissioned to paint Lisa Gherardini ("Mona Lisa").
1529 The first parliament for five years opens in England and the Commons put forward bills against abuses amongst the clergy and in the church courts.
1794 Thomas Paine is released from a Parisian jail with help from the American ambassador James Monroe. He was arrested for having offended the Robespierre faction.
1813 American troops destroy the Indian village of Tallushatchee in the Mississippi Valley.
1868 Ulysses S. Grant elected the 18th president of the United States.
1883 A poorly trained Egyptian army, led by British General William Hicks, marches toward El Obeid in the Sudan–straight into a Mahdist ambush and massacre.
1883 The U.S. Supreme Court declares American Indians to be "dependent aliens."
1892 First automatic telephone exchange goes into operation in La Porte, Indiana.
1896 William McKinley is elected 25th president of the United States.
1912 The first all-metal plane flies near Issy, France, piloted by Ponche and Prinard.
1918 The German fleet at Kiel mutinies. This is the first act leading to Germany's capitulation in World War I.
1921 Milk drivers on strike dump thousands of gallons of milk onto New York City's streets.
1935 Left-wing groups in France form the Socialist and Republican Union.
1957 The Soviet Union launches Sputnik II with the dog Laika, the first animal in space, aboard.
1964 For the first time residents of Washington, D.C., are allowed to vote in a presidential election.
1964 Lyndon B. Johnson is elected the 36th president of the United States.
1964 Robert Kennedy, brother of the slain president, is elected as a senator from New York.
1967 The Battle of Dak To begins in Vietnam's Central Highlands; actually a series of engagements, the battle would continue through Nov. 22.
1969 US President Richard Nixon, speaking on TV and radio, asks the "silent majority" of the American people to support his policies and the continuing war effort in Vietnam.
1973 NASA launches Mariner 10, which will become the first probe to reach Mercury.
1979 Ku Klux Klansmen and neo-Nazis kill 5 and wound 7 members of the Communist Workers Party during a "Death to the Klan" rally in Greensboro, NC; the incident becomes known as the Greensboro Massacre.
1983 Jesse Jackson announces his candidacy for the office of president of the United States.
1986 The Lebanese magazine Ash-Shiraa reports the US has secretly been selling weapons to Iran in order to secure the release of 7 American hostages being held by pro-Iranian groups in Lebanon.
1992 Arkansas Governor Bill (William Jefferson) Clinton is elected 42nd president of the United States.
1997 US imposes economic sanctions against Sudan in response to human rights abuses and support of Islamic extremist groups.

Born on November 3

1718 John Montague, fourth Earl of Sandwich and inventor of the sandwich.
1794 William Cullen Bryant, poet and journalist.
1801 Karl Baedeker, German publisher, well known for travel guides.
1831 Ignatius Donnelly, American social reformer best known for his book Atlantis: The Antediluvian World.
1901 Andre Malraux, French novelist (Man's Fate).
1903 Walker Evans, photographer.
1909 James "Scotty" Reston, New York Times reporter, editor and columnist.
1918 Russell Long, U.S. senator from Louisiana from 1951 to 1968 and son of Huey P. Long.
1920 Oodgeroo Noonuccal [Kath Walker], Australian Aboriginal poet.
1933 Jeremy Brett, actor; best known for his portrayal of Sherlock Holmes in the Granada TV productions of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's stories about the detective.
1933 Michael Dukakis, politician; the longest-serving governor in the history of the State of Massachusetts (1975-79, 1983-91); unsuccessful Democratic candidate for US presidency (1988).
1933 Amartya Sen, Indian economist, winner of Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences (1998) for his work on economic theories of famines and social justice and indexes for measuring the well-being of citizens in developing countries.
1942 Martin Cruz Smith, novelist (Gorky Park).
1949 Larry Holmes, professional boxer known as The Easton Assassin; his 20 successful defenses of his heavyweight title is second only to Joe Louis' record 25.
1952 Roseanne Barr, comedian, actress, producer; best known for her starring role in the TV series Roseanne, for which she won both an Emmy and a Golden Globe.
1952 David Ho, virologist, AIDS researcher.
1956 Gary Ross, film director, screenwriter (The Hunger Games, Seabiscuit).

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Today in History
November 4

644 Umar of Arabia is assassinated at Medina and is succeeded as caliph by Uthman.
1493 Christopher Columbus discovers Guadeloupe during his second expedition.
1677 William III and Mary of England wed on William's birthday.
1760 Following the Russian capture of Berlin, Frederick II of Prussia defeats the Austrians at the Battle of Torgau.
1791 General Arthur St. Clair, governor of Northwest Territory, is badly defeated by a large Indian army near Fort Wayne.
1798 Congress agrees to pay a yearly tribute to Tripoli, considering it the only way to protect U.S. shipping.
1842 Abraham Lincoln marries Mary Todd in Springfield, Ill.
1854 Florence Nightingale and her nurses arrive in the Crimea.
1863 From the main Confederate Army at Chattanooga, Tennessee, Lt. Gen. James Longstreet's troops are sent northeast to besiege Knoxville.
1918 Austria signs an armistice with the Allies.
1922 The U.S. Postmaster General orders all homes to get mailboxes or relinquish delivery of mail.
1922 The entrance to King Tut's tomb is discovered.
1924 Calvin Coolidge is elected 30th president of the United States.
1924 Nellie Tayloe Ross and Miriam Ferguson are elected first and second women governors (Wyoming and Texas).
1946 The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) is established.
1952 General Dwight D. Eisenhower is elected 34th president of the United States.
1956 Russian troops attack Budapest, Hungary.
1979 At the American Embassy in Teheran, Iran, 90 people, including 63 Americans, are taken hostage by militant student followers of Ayatollah Khomeini. The students demand the return of Shah Mohammad Reza Pablavi, who is undergoing medical treatment in New York City.
1980 Ronald Reagan is elected the 40th president of the United States.
1992 Carol Moseley Braun becomes the first African American woman to be elected to the U.S. Senate.
1995 Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin is assassinated at a peace rally in Tel Aviv.
2008 Senator Barack Obama of Illinois elected 44th president of the United States, the first African American to hold that position.

Born on November 4

1650 William III, Prince of Orange, later King of England, Scotland and Ireland.
1879 Will Rogers, American actor and writer.
1916 Walter Cronkite, reporter and news anchor for CBS News; dubbed "The Most Trusted Man in America."
1916 John Basilone, US Marine who received the Medal of Honor for his actions in the Pacific Theater of World War II.
1916 Ruth Handler, businesswoman, toy designer who co-founded Mattel with her husband and created the Barbie doll.
1918 Art Carney, actor; best known for playing Ed Norton, sidekick to Jackie Gleason's Ralph Kramden on the TV series The Honeymooners, he received an Academy Award for Best Actor for his starring role in the film Harry and Tonto.
1923 Eugene Sledge, US Marine, famous for his memoir of the fighting in the Pacific Theater, With the Old Breed.
1933 Sir Charles Kuen Kao, Chinese-born physicist known as the "Father of Fiber Optics" and the "Godfather of Broadband"; he shared the 2009 Nobel Prize for Physics.
1946 Laura Welch Bush, wife of US President George W. Bush, she served as First Lady from 2001 to 2009; she used her position to champion education and literacy.
1961 Jeff Probst, game show host and executive producer, best known as the host of the US version the reality show Survivor.
1969 Sean Combs, rapper, record producer, actor; at various times used the stage names Puff Daddy, P. Diddy and Diddy. He won three Grammys and two MTV Video Music Awards.

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Today in History

November 6

1429 Henry VI is crowned King of England.
1812 The first winter snow falls on the French Army as Napoleon Bonaparte retreats form Moscow.
1860 Abraham Lincoln is elected 16th president of the United States.
1861 Jefferson Davis is elected to a six-year term as president of the Confederacy.
1863 A Union force surrounds and scatters defending Confederates at the Battle of Droop Mountain, in West Virginia.
1891 Comanche, the only 7th Cavalry horse to survive George Armstrong Custer's "Last Stand" at the Little Bighorn, dies at Fort Riley, Kansas.
1911 Maine becomes a dry state.
1917 The Bolshevik "October Revolution" (October 25 on the old Russian calendar), led by Vladimir Lenin and Leon Trotsky, seizes power in Petrograd.
1923 As European inflation soars, one loaf of bread in Berlin is reported to be worth about 140 billion German marks.
1945 The first landing of a jet on a carrier takes place on USS Wake Island when an FR-1 Fireball touches down.
1973 Coleman Young becomes the first African-American mayor of Detroit, Michigan.
1985 Guerrillas of the leftist 19th of April Movement seize Colombia's Palace of Justice in Bogata; during the two-day siege and the military assault to retake the building over 100 people are killed, including 11 of the 25 Supreme Court justices.
1986 A British International Helicopters Boeing 234LRR Chinook crashes 2.5 miles east of Sumburgh Airport; 45 people are killed, the deadliest civilian helicopter crash to date (2013).
1986 The Iran arms-for-hostages deal is revealed, damaging the Reagan administration.
1995 The Rova of Antananarivo, home of Madagascar's sovereigns from the 16th to the 19th centuries, is destroyed by fire.
1999 Australia's voters reject a referendum to make the country a republic with a president appointed by Parliament.

Born on November 6

1814 Adolphe Sax, instrument maker and inventor of the saxophone.
1851 Charles Henry Dow, American financial journalist who (with Edward D. Jones) inaugurated the Dow-Jones averages.
1854 John Philip Sousa, "The March Master," American bandmaster and composer. Among his 140 marches are "Stars and Stripes Forever" and "Semper Fidelis."
1861 James Naismith, Canadian physical education instructor who, in 1891, invented the game of basketball.
1887 Walter Johnson, baseball pitcher, "The Big Train."
1892 Harold Ross, New Yorker editor.
1921 James Jones, American novelist (From Here to Eternity).
1931 Mike Nichols, film and stage director (The Graduate).
1941 Guy Clark, Texas country-folk singer, songwriter ("Desperados Waiting for a Train," "Texas 1947").
1946 Sally Field, actress; won Academy Award for Best Actress in 1979 (Norma Rae) and 1984 (Places in the Heart); won 3 Emmys for work in television.
1948 Glenn Frey, singer, songwriter, musician; a founding member of the band Eagles.
1955 Maria Shriver, journalist, author; First Lady of California while married to Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger.
1976 Pat Tillman, professional football player who ended his career to enlist in the US Army in the aftermath of the 9 / 11 attacks; he was killed by friendly fire in Afghanistan, Apr. 22, 2004.
1988 Emma Stone, actress (Zombieland, Spiderman).

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Today in History
November 7

1665 The London Gazette, the oldest surviving journal, is first published.
1811 Rebellious Indians in a conspiracy organized in defiance of the United States government by Tecumseh, Shawnee chief, are defeated during his absence in the Battle of the Wabash (or Tippecanoe) by William Henry Harrison, governor of Indiana Territory.
1814 Andrew Jackson attacks and captures Pensacola, Florida, defeating the Spanish and driving out a British force.
1846 Zachary Taylor, one of the heroes of the Mexican War, is elected president.
1861 Union General Ulysses S. Grant launches an unsuccessful raid on Belmont, Missouri.
1876 Rutherford B. Hayes is elected 19th president of the United States.
1881 Wyatt Earp and Doc Holliday, two participants in Tombstone, Arizona's, famous Gunfight at the O.K. Corral, are jailed as the hearings on what happened in the fight grow near.
1916 President Woodrow Wilson is re-elected, but the race is so close that all votes must be counted before an outcome can be determined, so the results are not known until November 11.
1916 Jeannette Rankin (R-Montana) is elected the first congresswoman.
1917 British General Sir Edmond Allenby breaks the Turkish defensive line in the Third Battle of Gaza.
1917 The Bolsheviks, led by Lenin, take power in Russia.
1921 Benito Mussolini declares himself to be leader of the National Fascist Party in Italy.
1940 Tacoma Bridge in Washington State collapses.
1943 British troops launch a limited offensive along the coast of Burma.
1944 President Franklin D. Roosevelt is elected to a fourth term by defeating Thomas Dewey.
1956 UN General Assembly calls for France, Israel and the UK to immediately withdraw their troops from Egypt.
1967 In Cleveland, Ohio, Carl B. Stokes becomes the first African American elected mayor of a major American city.
1967 President Lyndon B. Johnson signs a bill establishing the Corporation for Public Broadcasting.
1972 President Richard Nixon is re-elected.
1973 Congress overrides Pres. Richard M. Nixon's veto of the War Powers Resolution that limited presidential power to wage ware without congressional approval.
1975 A uprising in Bangladesh kills Brig. Gen. Khaled Mosharraf and frees Maj. Gen. Ziaur Rahman, future president of the country, from house arrest.
1983 A bomb explodes in the US Capitol's Senate Chambers area, causing $250,000 damages but no one is harmed; a group calling itself the Armed Resistance Unit claimed the bomb was retaliation for US military involvement in Grenada and Lebanon.
1989 Douglas Wilder wins Virginia's gubernatorial election, becoming the first elected African American governor in the US; during Reconstruction Mississippi had an acting governor and Louisiana had an appointed governor who were black.
1990 Mary Robinson becomes the first woman elected President of the Republic of Ireland.
1994 The world's first internet radio broadcast originates from WXYC, the student radio station of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
2000 Hilary Rodham Clinton becomes the first First Lady (1993–2001) elected to public office in the US when she wins a US Senate seat.
2000 Election Day in the US ends with the winner between presidential candidates George W. Bush and Al Gore still undecided.

Born on November 7

1867 Marie Curie, French chemist who researched radioactivity and discovered radium.
1900 Heinrich Himmler, head of the Nazi SS and organizer of extermination camps in Eastern Europe.
1903 Konrad Lorenz, pioneering zoologist.
1913 Albert Camus, French philosopher, novelist and dramatist.
1918 Billy Graham, evangelist.
1926 Joan Sutherland, opera singer.
1928 Norton David Zinder, biologist.
1929 Benny Andersen, Danish writer, poet and jazz musician.
1943 Joni Mitchell, singer, songwriter.
1950 Alexa Canady, first female African-American neurosurgeon.
1971 Robin Finck, musician; guitarist with bands Guns N' Roses and Nine Inch Nails.

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Today in History
November 8

392 Theodosius of Rome passes legislation prohibiting all pagan worship in the empire.
1226 Louis IX succeeds Louis VIII as king of France.
1576 The 17 provinces of the Netherlands form a federation to maintain peace.
1620 The King of Bohemia is defeated at the Battle of Prague.
1685 Fredrick William of Brandenburg issues the Edict of Potsdam, offering Huguenots refuge.
1793 The Louvre opens in Paris. But wasn't it already a Palace and it merely opens to the people?
1861 Charles Wilkes seizes Confederate commissioners John Slidell and James M. Mason from the British ship Trent.
1864 President Abraham Lincoln is re-elected in the first wartime election in the United States.
1887 Doc Holliday, who fought on the side of the Earp brothers during the Gunfight at the O.K. Corral 6 years earlier, dies of tuberculosis in Glenwood Springs, Colorado.
1889 Montana becomes the 41st state of the Union.
1900 Theodore Dresier's first novel Sister Carrie is published by Doubleday, but is recalled from stores shortly due to public sentiment.
1904 President Theodore Roosevelt is elected president of the United States. He had been vice president until the shooting death of President William McKinley.
1910 The Democrats prevail in congressional elections for the first time since 1894.
1923 Adolf Hitler attempts a coup in Munich, the "Beer Hall Putsch," and proclaims himself chancellor and Ludendorff dictator. .
1932 Franklin D. Roosevelt is elected 32nd president of the United States.
1938 Crystla Bird Fauset of Pennsylvania, becomes the first African-American woman to be elected to a state legislature.
1942 The United States and Great Britain invade Axis-occupied North Africa.
1960 John F. Kennedy is elected 35th president, defeating Republican candidate Richard Nixon in the closest election, by popular vote, since 1880.
1965 Vietnam War, Operation Hump: US 173rd Airborne Brigade Combat Team ambushed by over 1,200 Viet Cong in Bien Hoa Province. Nearby, in the Gang Toi Hills, a company of the Royal Australian Regiment also engaged Viet Cong forces.
1966 Republican Edward Brooke of Massachusetts becomes the first African American elected to the Senate in 85 years.
1977 Greek archaeologist Manolis Andronikos discovers what is believed to be the tomb of Philip II of Macedon at Vergina in northern Greece.
1983 Wilson B. Goode is elected as the first black mayor of the city of Philadelphia.
1987 A dozen people are killed and over 60 wounded when the IRA detonates a bomb during a Remembrance Day ceremony in Enniskillen, Northern Ireland, honoring those who had died in wars involving British forces.
2000 Dispute begins over US presidential election between George W. Bush and Al Gore; Supreme Court ruling on Dec. 12 results in a 271-266 electoral victory for Bush.
2004 More than 10,000 US troops and a few Iraqi army units besiege an insurgent stronghold at Fallujah.


Born on November 8

1656 Edmond Halley, mathematician and astronomer who predicted the return of the comet that bears his name.
1847 Bram Stoker, author (Dracula).
1878 Marshall Walter Taylor, "Major Taylor," the world's fastest bicycle racer for a 12-year period.
1879 Leon Trosky, Russian Communist leader.
1884 Hermann Rorshach, Swiss psychiatrist, inventor of the inkblot test.
1900 Albert Friedrich Frey-Wyssling, Swiss botanist and molecular biology pioneer.
1900 Margaret Mitchell, American writer who found success in her first and only novel, Gone With the Wind.
1909 Katherine Hepburn, American actress who won four Oscars. Her movies included Bringing Up Baby, The Philadelphia Story and The African Queen.
1916 Peter Ulrich Weiss, German novelist and dramatist (Marat/Sade, The Investigation).
1922 Christiaan Barnard, South African surgeon, performed the first human heart transplant operation.
1927 Patti Page, singer ("Tennessee Waltz," "How Much is That Doggie in the Window?").
1929 Bobby Bowden, US college football coach; holds NCAA record for most career wins and bowl wins by any Division I FBS coach.
1931 Morley Safer, journalist; 60 Minutes correspondent (1970– ).
1932 Ben Bova, noted author of works of science fact and fiction, a six-time winner of the Hugo Award for science fiction and fantasy writing.
1949 Bonnie Raitt, blues singer, songwriter, musician. Rolling Stone magazine included her on its lists of 100 Greatest Singers of All Time and 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time.
1950 Mary Hart, actress, journalist; hosted Entertainment Tonight TV program 1982–2011.
1954 Rickie Lee Jones, singer, songwriter, musician; listed on VH1 list of greatest women of rock music.
1970 Tom Anderson, entrepreneur; co-founder of Myspace website.
2003 Lady Louise Windsor, daughter of Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex and Sophie, Countess of Wessex.

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Today in History

November 9

1799 Napoleon Bonaparte participates in a coup and declares himself dictator of France.
1848 The first U.S. Post Office in California opens in San Francisco at Clay and Pike streets. At the time there are only about 15,000 European settlers living in the state.
1900 Russia completes its occupation of Manchuria.
1906 President Theodore Roosevelt leaves Washington, D.C., for a 17-day trip to Panama and Puerto Rico, becoming the first president to make an official visit outside of the United States.
1914 The Australian light cruiser HMAS Sydney wrecks the German cruiser Emden, forcing her to beach on a reef on North Keeling Island in the Indian Ocean.
1918 Germany is proclaimed a republic as the kaiser abdicates and flees to the Netherlands.
1935 Japanese troops invade Shanghai, China.
1938 Nazis kill 35 Jews, arrest thousands and destroy Jewish synagogues, homes and stores throughout Germany. The event becomes known as Kristallnacht, the night of the shattered glass.
1965 Roger Allen LaPorte, a 22-year-old former seminarian and a member of the Catholic worker movement, immolates himself at the United Nations in New York City in protest of the Vietnam War.
1965 Nine Northeastern states and parts of Canada go dark in the worst power failure in history, when a switch at a station near Niagara Falls fails.
1967 NASA launches Apollo 4 into orbit with the first successful test of a Saturn V rocket.
1972 Bones discovered by the Leakeys push human origins back 1 million years.
1983 Alfred Heineken, beer brewer from Amsterdam, is kidnapped and held for a ransom of more than $10 million.
1989 The Berlin Wall is opened after dividing the city for 28 years.
1993 Stari Most, a 427-year-old bridge in the city of Mostar in Bosnia and Herzegovina, is destroyed, believed to be caused by artillery fire from Bosnian Croat forces.
1994 The chemical element Darmstadtium, a radioactive synthetic element, discovered by scientists in Darmstadt, Germany.
1998 Largest civil settlement in US history: 37 brokerage houses are ordered to pay $1.3 billion to NASDAQ investors to compensate for price fixing.
2007 German Bundestag passes controversial bill mandating storage of citizens' telecommunications traffic date for six months without probable cause.

Born on November 9

1818 Ivan Turgenev, Russian author (Fathers and Sons, A Month in the Country).
1841 Edward VII, King of England, who succeeded his mother Victoria in 1901.
1853 Stanford White, architect whose designs include Madison Square Garden and Washington Arch.
1886 Ed Wynn, actor and comedian.
1918 Spiro Agnew, vice president to Richard Nixon.
1923 James Schuyler, poet, novelist and playwright.
1924 Robert Frank, photographer.
1928 Anne Sexton, Pulitzer Prize-winning poet.
1934 Carl Sagan, American astronomer and writer.
1936 Mary Travers, singer, songwriter; member of Vocal Group folk group Peter, Paul and Mary ("Puff the Magic Dragon," "If I Had a Hammer").
1941 Tom Fogerty, musician; guitarist with Creedence Clearwater Revival.

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Today in History
November 10

1493 Christopher Columbus discovers Antigua during his second expedition.
1556 The Englishman Richard Chancellor is drowned off Aberdeenshire on his return from a second voyage to Russia.
1647 All Dutch-held areas of New York are returned to English control by the treaty of Westminster.
1775 U.S. Marine Corps founded.
1782 In the last battle of the American Revolution, George Rogers Clark attacks Indians and Loyalists at Chillicothe, in Ohio Territory.
1871 Henry M. Stanley finds Dr. Livingstone at Ujiji near Unyanyembe in Africa.
1879 Little Bighorn participant Major Marcus Reno is caught window-peeping at the daughter of his commanding officer—an offense for which he will be courtmartialed.
1911 President Taft ends a 15,000-mile, 57-day speaking tour.
1911 The Imperial government of China retakes Nanking.
1917 Forty-one US suffragettes are arrested protesting outside the White House.
1938 Fascist Italy enacts anti-Semitic legislation.
1941 Churchill promises to join the U.S. "within the hour" in the event of war with Japan.
1942 Admiral Jean Darlan orders French forces in North Africa to cease resistance to the Anglo-American forces.
1952 U.S. Supreme Court upholds the decision barring segregation on interstate railways.
1961 Andrew Hatcher is named associate press secretary to President John F. Kennedy.
1962 Eleanor Roosevelt is buried, she had died three days earlier.
1964 Australia begins a draft to fulfill its commitment in Vietnam.
1969 The PBS children's program Sesame Street debuts.
1971 Two women are tarred and feathered in Belfast for dating British soldiers, while in Londonderry, Northern Ireland a Catholic girl is also tarred and feathered for her intention of marrying a British soldier.
1972 Hijackers divert a jet to Detroit, demanding $10 million and ten parachutes.
1975 The iron ore freighter Edmund Fitzgerald breaks in half and sinks at the eastern end of Lake Superior–all 29 crew members perish.
1986 President Ronald Reagan refuses to reveal details of the Iran arms sale.
1989 German citizens begin tearing down the Berlin Wall.
1997 WorldCom and MCI Communications announce a merger, the largest in US history up to that time.
2008 NASA declares the Phoenix mission concluded after losing communications with the lander, five months after it began its exploration on the surface of Mars.
2009 North Korean and South Korean ships skirmish off Daecheon Island.

Born on November 10

1483 Martin Luther, theologian and reformer.
1697 William Hogarth, English caricaturist.
1730 Oliver Goldsmith, playwright (She Stoops to Conquer).
1759 Friedrich von Schiller, playwright and poet.
1801 Samuel Gridley Howe, educator of the blind.
1879 Vachel Lindsay, poet (Rhymes to be Traded for Bread).
1882 Frances Perkins, first woman cabinet member–Secretary of Labor.
1925 Richard Burton, Welsh actor famous for his roles in The Spy who Came in From the Cold and Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf.
1928 Ennio Morricone, Italian composer and conductor noted for his theme music in spaghetti Westerns such as The Good, The Bad, and the Ugly.
1935 Igor Dmitriyevich Novikov, Russian astrophysicist; the Novikov self-consistency principle made important contributions to the theory of time travel.
1947 Greg Lake, singer, songwriter, musician, producer (Emerson, Lake & Palmer).
1956 Sinbad (David Adkins), comedian, actor (Necessary Roughness, Houseguest).
1963 Hugh Bonneville, actor (Downton Abbey, Notting Hill).
1977 Brittany Murphy, actress, voice actress, singer, producer; films include Clueless and Sin City; voice of Luanne Platter on long-running animated TV series King of the Hill.
1983 Miranda Lambert, country singer ("Kerosene," "Famous in a Small Town")

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Today in History
November 11

1499 Pretender to the throne Perkin Warbeck is executed.
1778 Indians, led by William Butler, massacre the inhabitants of Cherry Valley, N.Y.
1831 Nat Turner, a slave who led a revolt against slave owners, is hanged in Jerusalem, Virginia.
1889 Washington becomes the 42nd state of the Union.
1909 Construction begins on the naval base at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii.
1918 The German leaders sign the armistice ending World War I.
1919 The first two-minutes' silence is observed in Britain to commemorate those who died in the Great War.
1921 The Tomb of the Unknown Soldier at Arlington Cemetery is dedicated.
1922 Canada's Vernon McKenzie urges to fight U.S. propaganda with taxes on U.S. magazines.
1933 The first of the great dust storms of the 1930s hits North Dakota.
1935 Albert Anderson and Orvil Anderson set a new altitude record in South Dakota, when they float to 74,000 feet in a balloon.
1938 Irving Berlin's "God Bless America" is performed for the first time by singer Kate Smith.
1940 Britain's Royal Navy attacks the Italian fleet at Taranto.
1944 Private Eddie Slovik is convicted of desertion and sentenced to death for refusing to join his unit in the European Theater of Operations.
1953 The polio virus is identified and photographed for the first time in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
1966 The United States launches Gemini 12, a two-man orbiter, into orbit.
1970 U.S. Army Special Forces raid the Son Tay prison camp in North Vietnam but find no prisoners.
1973 Israel and Egypt sign a cease-fire.
1973 The Soviet Union is kicked out of World Cup soccer for refusing to play Chile.
1987 An unidentified buyer buys Vincent Van Gogh's painting "Irises" from the estate of Joan Whitney Payson for $53.9 million at Sotheby's in New York.
1993 Sculpture honoring women who served in the Vietnam War dedicated at the Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, DC.
1999 House of Lords Act reforming Britain's House of Lords, given Royal Assent; the act removed the right to hereditary seats (sitting members were permitted to remain).
2001 Journalists Pierre Billaud (France), Johanne Sutton (France) and Voker Handloik (Germany) killed in Afghanistan during an attack on the convoy in which they were traveling.
2004 New Zealand Tomb of the Unknown Warrior dedicated at the National War Museum, Wellington.
2004 Palestine Liberation organization confirms the death of its longtime chairman Yasser Arafat; cause of death has never been conclusively determined.
2006 Queen Elizabeth II unveils New Zealand War Memorial in London.
2008 RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 (QE2)sets sail on her final voyage, bound for Dubai.

Born on November 11

1050 Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor.
1821 Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoyevsky, Russian novelist and political revolutionary (The Brothers Karamazov, Crime and Punishment).
1885 George S. Patton, U.S. Army commander in World War II.
1898 Rene Clair, French film director.
1922 Kurt Vonnegut, American novelist (Slaughterhouse Five).
1925 Jonathan Winters, comedian.
1928 Carlos Fuentes, Mexican novelist and essayist.
1945 Chris Dreja, musician; guitarist and bass player for The Yardbirds.
1945 Daniel Ortega, President of Nicaragua (2007– ).
1962 Demi Moore, actress (Ghost, A Few Good Men); in 1996 became highest-paid actress in film history when she received $12.5 million to star in Striptease.
1974 Leonardo DiCaprio, actor; (Titanic, The Great Gatsby) won Golden Globe for Best Actor (The Aviator, 2004).
1974 Bettina Goislard, first United Nations worker to be killed in Afghanistan (Nov. 16, 2003) since the fall of the Taliban in December 2001; she was a French employee of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees.

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Today in History
November 12

1035 King Canute of Norway dies.
1276 Suspicious of the intentions of Llywelyn ap Gruffydd, the Prince of Wales, English King Edward I resolves to invade Wales.
1859 The first flying-trapeze circus act is performed by Jules Leotard at the Circus Napoleon.
1863 Confederate General James Longstreet arrives at Loudon, Tennessee, to assist the attack on Union General Ambrose Burnside's troops at Knoxville.
1867 Mount Vesuvius erupts.
1903 The Lebaudy brothers of France set an air-travel distance record of 34 miles in a dirigible.
1923 Adolf Hitler is arrested for his attempted German coup.
1927 Canada is admitted to the League of Nations.
1928 The ocean liner Vestris sinks off the Virginia cape with 328 aboard, killing 111.
1938 Mexico agrees to compensate the United States for land seizures.
1941 Madame Lillian Evanti and Mary Cardwell Dawson establish the National Negro Opera Company.
1944 U.S. fighters wipe out a Japanese convoy near Leyte, consisting of six destroyers, four transports and 8,000 troops.
1944 The German battleship Tirpitz is sunk in a Norwegian fjord.
1948 Hikedi Tojo, Japanese prime minister, and seven others are sentenced to hang by an international tribunal.
1951 The U.S. Eighth Army in Korea is ordered to cease offensive operations and begin an active defense.
1960 The satellite Discoverer XVII is launched into orbit from California's Vandenberg AFB.
1968 The U.S. Supreme Court voids an Arkansas law banning the teaching of evolution in public schools.
1971 President Richard Nixon announces the withdrawal of about 45,000 U.S. troops from Vietnam by February.
1987 Boris Yeltsin is fired as head of Moscow's Communist Party for criticizing the slow pace of reform.
1990 Crown Prince Akihito is formally installed as Emperor Akihito of Japan.
1990 Sir Timothy John "Tim" Berners-Lee, a British computer scientist, publishes a formal proposal for the creation of the World Wide Web.
1996 A Saudi Arabian Airlines Boeing 747 collides with a Kazakh Illyushin II-76 cargo plane near New Delhi, killing 349. It is the deadliest mid-air collision to date (2013) and third-deadliest aircraft accident.
1997 Ramzi Yousef convicted of masterminding the 1993 World Trade Center bombing.
2003 The first Italians to die in the Iraq War are among 23 fatalities from a suicide bomb attack on an Italian police base in Nasiriya, iraq.
2003 Shanghai Transrapid sets a new world speed record (311 mph or 501 kph) for commercial railway systems.

Born on November 12

1815 Elizabeth Cady Stanton, political reformer and founder of the Women's Rights Convention.
1817 Mirza Hoseyn 'Ali Nuri (Baha' Ullah), founder of the Baha'i faith.
1840 Auguste Rodin, French sculptor.
1866 Sun Yat-Sen, Chinese revolutionary who founded the Nationalist Party.
1889 DeWitt Wallace, founder of Reader's Digest.
1911 Buck Clayton, jazz trumpeter.
1922 Charlotte MacLeod, mystery writer (Rest You Merry, Maid of Honor).
1929 Grace Kelly, American actress and Princess of Monaco.
1945 Tracy Kidder, writer (Among Schoolchildren, Old Friends).
1945 Neil Young, singer, songwriter, musician, producer; member of several well-known bands including Buffalo Springfield and Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young.
1952 Ronald Burkle, business magnate; founded Yucaipa Companies private investment firm and is co-owner of the Pittsburgh Penguins pro hockey team.
1957 Tim Samaras, engineer and storm chaser who contributed to scientific knowledge of tornadoes; killed along with his son Paul and meteorologist Carl Young by a tornado with winds of nearly 300 mph near El Reno, Okla,, in 2013.
1961 Nadia Comaneci, Olympic gold medal-winning Romanian gymnast; named one of the athletes of the century by Laureus World Sports Academy (2000).
1962 Naomi Wolf, activist, author of The Beauty Myth; a leader in what has been described as the third wave of the feminist movement.
1968 Sammy Sosa, pro baseball player from Dominican Republic; only MLB player to hit 60 or more home runs in a single season three times, he was denied entry into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 2013 after as-yet unproven allegations he used performance-enhancing drugs.

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Today in History
November 13

1474 In the Swiss-Burgundian Wars, Swiss infantry shatters the army of Charles the Bold at Hericourt near Belfort, countering his march to Lorraine.
1835 Texans officially proclaim independence from Mexico, and calls itself the Lone Star Republic, after its flag, until its admission to the Union in 1845.
1851 The London-to-Paris telegraph begins operation.
1860 South Carolina's legislature calls a special convention to discuss secession from the Union.
1862 Lewis Carroll writes in his diary, "Began writing the fairy-tale of Alice–I hope to finish it by Christmas."
1878 New Mexico Governor Lew Wallace offers amnesty to many participants of the Lincoln County War, but not to gunfighter Billy the Kid.
1897 The first metal dirigible is flown from Tempelhof Field in Berlin.
1907 Paul Corno achieves the first helicopter flight.
1914 The brassiere, invented by Caresse Crosby, is patented.
1927 New York's Holland Tunnel officially opens for traffic.
1940 U.S. Supreme Court rules in Hansberry v. Lee that African Americans cannot be barred from white neighborhoods.
1941 A German U-boat, the U-81 torpedoes Great Britain's premier aircraft carrier, the HMS Ark Royal. The ship sinks the next day.
1942 Lt. Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower flies to Algeria to conclude an agreement with French Admiral Jean Darlan..
1945 Charles de Gaulle is elected president of France.
1952 Harvard's Paul Zoll becomes the first man to use electric shock to treat cardiac arrest.
1956 The U.S. Supreme Court unanimously strikes down two Alabama laws requiring racial segregation on public buses.
1969 Anti-war protesters stage a symbolic "March Against Death" in Washington, DC.
1970 A powerful tropical cyclone strikes the Ganges Delta region of East Pakistan (now Bangladesh), causing an estimated half-million deaths in a single night; the Bhola cyclone is regarded as the worst natural disaster of the 20th century.
1982 The Vietnam Veterans Memorial dedicated in Washington, DC.
1985 Some 23,000 people die when the Nevado del Ruiz erupts, melting a glacier and causing a massive mudslide that buries Armero, Columbia.
1989 Compact of Free Association: the Federated States of Micronesia, the Republic of the Marshall Islands, and the Republic of Palau—places US troops wrested from Japanese control in WWII—become sovereign nations, associated states of the United States.
1989 Hans-Adam II becomes Prince of Liechtenstein (1989– ) upon the death of his father, Franz Joseph II.
2000 Articles of impeachment passed against Philippine President Joseph Estrada.
2001 US President George W. Bush signs an executive order allowing military tribunals against foreigners suspected of connections to planned or actual terrorist acts against the US.

Born on November 13

354 Saint Augustine, Christian theologian and philosopher.
1312 Edward III, King of England who won victories against such renowned foes as Baybars, Llewellyn and Wallace.
1850 Robert Louis Stevenson, Scottish novelist and poet (Treasure Island, Kidnapped).
1856 Louis Brandeis, the first Jew to sit on the U.S. Supreme Court.
1909 Eugene Ionesco, Romanian-born dramatist; a leading playwright of the Theater of the Absurd genre (The Bald Soprano, Rhinoceros).
1911 John Jordan "Buck" O'Neill, first African American coach in Major League Baseball; previously, he was a first baseman and manager in the Negro League.
1924 Motoo Kimura, Japanese biologist who introduced the neutral theory of molecular evolution (1968).
1934 Gary Marshall, actor, director, producer; created Happy Days TV series and its spinoffs.
1940 William Taubman, political scientist, author; won Pulitzer Prize for biography (2004) for his biography of Nikita Khrushchev.
1947 Joe Mantegna, actor, producer, director, voice actor (The Godfather Part III; Criminal Minds TV series; voice of mob boss Fat Tony on The Simpsons).
1955 Whoopi Goldberg,comedian, actress (The Color Purple; Ghost), singer, talk show host (The View); second African American woman to win an Oscar (Best Supporting Actress, Ghost, 1990); one of few entertainers to have won an Oscar, Emmy, Tony and Grammy.

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Today in History
November 14

1501 Arthur Tudor of England marries Katherine of Aragon.
1812 As Napoleon Bonaparte's army retreats form Moscow, temperatures drop to 20 degrees below zero.
1851 Herman Melville's novel Moby Dick is published in New York.
1882 Billy Clairborne, a survivor of the Gunfight at the O.K. Corral, loses his life in a shoot-out with Buckskin Frank Leslie.
1908 Albert Einstein presents his quantum theory of light.
1910 Lieutenant Eugene Ely, U.S. Navy, becomes the first man to take off in an airplane from the deck of a ship. He flew from the ship Birmingham at Hampton Roads to Norfolk.
1921 The Cherokee Indians ask the U.S. Supreme Court to review their claim to 1 million acres of land in Texas.
1922 The British Broadcasting Company (BBC) begins the first daily radio broadcasts from Marconi House.
1930 Right-wing militarists in Japan attempt to assassinate Premier Hamagushi.
1935 Manuel Luis Quezon is sworn in as the first Filipino president, as the Commonwealth of the Philippines is inaugurated.
1940 German bombers devastate Coventry in Great Britain, killing 1,000 in the worst air raid of the war.
1951 The United States and Yugoslavia sign a military aid pact.
1951 French paratroopers capture Hoa Binh, Vietnam.
1960 New Orleans integrates two all-white schools.
1960 President Dwight Eisenhower orders U.S. naval units into the Caribbean after Guatemala and Nicaragua charge Castro with starting uprisings.
1961 President Kennedy increases the number of American advisors in Vietnam from 1,000 to 16,000.
1963 Iceland gets a new island when a volcano pushes its way up out of the sea five miles off the southern coast.
1963 Greece frees hundreds who were jailed in the Communist uprising of 1944-1950.
1964 The U.S. First Cavalry Division battles with the North Vietnamese Army in the Ia Drang Valley, the first ground combat for American troops.
1968 Yale University announces its plan to go co-ed.
1969 The United States launches Apollo 12, the second mission to the Moon, from Cape Kennedy.
1979 US President Jimmy Carter freezes all Iranian assets in the United States in response to Iranian militants holding more than 50 Americans hostage.
1982 Lech Walesa, leader of Poland's outlawed Solidarity movement, is released by communist authorities after 11 months confinement; he would win the Nobel Peace Prize in 1983 and be elected Poland's president in 1990.
1984 The Space Shuttle Discovery's crew rescues a second satellite.
1990 Poland and the Federal Republic of Germany sign a treaty officially making the Oder-Neisse line the border between their countries.
1995 Budget standoff between Democrats and Republicans in the US Congress forces temporary closure of national parks and museums; federal agencies forced to operate with skeleton staff.
2001 Northern Alliance fighters take control of Afghanistan's capital, Kabul.
2008 First G-20 economic summit convenes, in Washington, DC.
2012 Israel launches Operation Pillar of Defense against the Hamas-governed Gaza Strip.

Born on November 14

1650 William III, King of England (1689-1702).
1765 Robert Fulton, American engineer who invented the first steamboat.
1840 Claude Monet, French impressionist painter.
1889 Jawaharala Nehru, Indian nationalist leader.
1900 Aaron Copeland, American composer whose works include Billy the Kidd, Appalachian Spring and Fanfare for the Common Man.
1906 Louise Brooks, silent film star, symbol of the 1920s flapper.
1907 Astrid Lindgren, Swedish children's writer (Pippi Longstocking).
1908 Joseph McCarthy, anti-Communist senator from Wisconsin.
1908 Harrison Sallisbury, journalist for The New York Times.
1917 Park Chung-hee, Korean general and statesman; led 1961 coup that overthrew the Korean Second Republic; elected president 1963; assassinated Oct. 26, 1979.
1921 Brian Keith, actor (The Russians Are Coming, the Russians Are Coming).
1922 Veronica Lake, actress (Sullivan's Travels).
1927 McLean Stevenson, actor; best known for his role as Lt. Col. Henry Blake on the TV series M*A*S*H*.
1930 Edward Higgins White II, engineer, astronaut; first American to "walk" in space (June 3, 1965); died in explosion at Cape Canaveral (Cape Kennedy) during prelaunch testing for first manned Apollo mission.
1935 Hussein of Jordan, King of Jordan (1952–1999); second Arab head of state to recognize Israel as a sovereign nation.
1947 Buckwheat Zydeco (Stanley Dural Jr.), accordion player, zydeco artist.
1948 Charles, Prince of Wales, heir to the throne of England.
1954 Condoleezza Rice, US Secretary of State under Pres. George W. Bush (2005–2009).